One of the main ways in which climate change is affecting biodiversity is through changes in temperature and precipitation patterns. Higher temperatures are leading to shifts in the distribution of species and the timing of their life cycles. For example, warmer temperatures are leading to the poleward movement of many species and the advancement of the timing of spring events, such as the emergence of leaves and the arrival of migratory birds. Changes in precipitation patterns are also having an impact on biodiversity, with some areas experiencing more freqent and severe droughts, while others are seeing an increase in extreme weather events, such as floods and hurricanes.
Rising sea levels are another major impact of climate change on biodiversity. As the Earth's temperature increases, the polar ice caps are melting, leading to a rise in sea levels. This is having a major impact on coastal ecosystems, such as coral reefs and mangroves, which provide important habitats for a wide range of species. The loss of these ecosystems is leading to the decline of many species that depend on them for survival.
Polar species are also facing a major threat from climate change due to the loss of polar ice. As the ice melts, polar bears and other species are losing their habitat and are struggling to find food. The loss of polar ice is also having a major impact on the global climate, as the ice reflects sunlight back into space, helping to regulate the Earth's temperature.
Climate change is also having an impact on the distribution and abundance of birds. Many species are shifting their ranges in response to changing temperatures, but some are struggling to adapt to the rapid pace of change. For example, the range of the Arctic Tern, a long-distance migratory bird, is shifting poleward in response to rising temperatures, but the availability of suitable habitat is limited in the Arctic, putting the species at risk.
Addressing climate change is essential to protect biodiversity and ensure the health of the planet. There are many things that individuals can do to reduce their carbon footprint and help mitigate the impacts of climate change. These include using energy-efficient appliances, driving fuel-efficient vehicles, and reducing consumption of meat and dairy products. Collective action is also needed to address climate change at a global level. Governments and busineses must take action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and support the transition to a low-carbon economy.
Climate change is having a major impact on biodiversity and is a major threat to the health of the planet. Protecting and preserving biodiversity will require action from individuals and collective action at the global level to address the root causes of climate change.
Ref: Royal Society and the impact of climate change on biodiversity here.